| Process | Flow | Advantage | Shortage | Be suitable for |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Electric furnace | Electric furnace — Secondary refining -CCM — Rolling | Alloy elements can be fully utilized
Able to accurate control hot liquid temperature for a long time. |
Smelting period is long and high cost. | Adaptable to produce a small batch, multi-specifics and high carbon/high alloy. |
| Converter | BF — CF — Secondary refining — CCM — Rolling | High efficient low cost | This process is less flexibility. | Apt for the production of large batch of low alloy steel. |
| Special method | Vacuuminduction smelting, electroslag remelting, plasma smelting — die casting — forging, rolling or extruding | High performance and quality | Low efficient, high cost | This process is for the production of high performance high alloy special steel. |
