Seven common material testing methods in steel material labs, composition, spectra, mass spectra, energy spectra, morphology, physical structure, and thermogravimetry.
1.Composition analysis
Composition analysis can be divided into two types according to the analysis object and requirements: micro sample analysis and trace component analysis.
2.Spectral analysis
1) Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) is also called Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric Analysis.
2) Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES)
3) X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XFS) is a non-destructive analytical method, which can be directly measured on solid samples.
4) X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD)
3.Mass spectrometry
1) inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)
2) Time of Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF-SIMS)
4.Energy spectrum analysis
It mainly includes X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy XPS and X-ray electron spectroscopy AES.
1) X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)
XPS is one of the most important tools for studying the electronic and atomic structures of materials at surfaces and interfaces, and in principle can determine all elements on the periodic table except hydrogen and helium.
2) Auger electron spectroscopy (AES)
Auger electron spectroscopy can be used in combination with low energy electron diffractometer to analyze the surface composition and crystal structure of the specimen.
5.Morphological analysis
The main content of the morphological analysis is to analyze the geometry of the material, the granularity of the material, and the distribution of the granularity, as well as the composition of the morphological micro-region and the structure of the physical phase.
The main methods of morphological analysis are: optical microscopy (Opticalmicroscopy, OM), scanning electron microscopy (Scanningelectron microscopy, SEM), transmission electron microscopy (Transmission electron microscopy, TEM), scanning tunneling microscopy ( Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM)
6.Physical structure analysis
Commonly used methods for physical phase analysis are X-ray diffraction analysis, laser Raman analysis, Fourier infrared analysis and micro-area electron diffraction analysis.
7.Thermogravimetric analysis
The commonly used methods for thermal analysis are DifferentialScanningCalorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetry (TG), referred to as DSC-TG method.
